An cimma yarjejeniyar ne a lokacin taron Amurka da kawayenta na Tarayyar Turai a birnin Rome, kuma za a ci gaba da ɗaukar wasu matakan kare kasuwanci don girmama ƙungiyoyin ma'aikatan ƙarfe da ke goyon bayan Shugaba Biden.
WASHINGTON — Gwamnatin Biden ta sanar a ranar Asabar cewa ta cimma yarjejeniya don rage haraji kan ƙarfe da aluminum na Turai. Jami'ai sun ce yarjejeniyar za ta rage farashin kayayyaki kamar motoci da injinan wanki, rage fitar da hayakin carbon, da kuma taimakawa wajen inganta aikin samar da kayayyaki.
An cimma yarjejeniyar ne a lokacin taron da Shugaba Biden da sauran shugabannin duniya suka yi a taron G20 da aka yi a Rome. Manufarta ita ce rage takun sakar cinikayya tsakanin kasashen da ke yankin Atlantika, wanda tsohon shugaban Amurka Donald Trump (Donald J. Trump) ya kafa, wanda ya haifar da tabarbarewar tattalin arziki, gwamnatin Trump ta fara sanya haraji. Mista Biden ya bayyana karara cewa yana son gyara dangantaka da Tarayyar Turai, amma kuma da alama an tsara yarjejeniyar ne da kyau don guje wa raba kungiyoyin kwadago da masana'antun Amurka da ke goyon bayan Mista Biden.
Ta bar wasu matakan kariya ga masana'antun ƙarfe da aluminum na Amurka, kuma ta canza harajin kashi 25% na yanzu akan ƙarfe na Turai da kashi 10% na harajin aluminum zuwa abin da ake kira ƙimar haraji. Wannan tsari zai iya biyan manyan matakan harajin shigo da kaya. Babban haraji.
Yarjejeniyar za ta kawo karshen harajin ramuwar gayya da Tarayyar Turai ke yi wa kayayyakin Amurka, ciki har da ruwan lemu, bourbon da babura. Haka kuma za ta guji sanya ƙarin haraji kan kayayyakin Amurka da aka tsara za su fara aiki a ranar 1 ga Disamba.
Sakataren Kasuwanci Gina Raimondo (Gina Raimondo) ta ce: "Muna sa ran cewa yayin da muke ƙara haraji da kashi 25% da kuma ƙara yawan, wannan yarjejeniya za ta rage nauyin da ke kan sarkar samar da kayayyaki da kuma rage ƙaruwar farashi."
A cikin wata tattaunawa da manema labarai, Ms. Raimundo ta bayyana cewa yarjejeniyar ta ba wa Amurka da Tarayyar Turai damar kafa tsarin la'akari da ƙarfin carbon yayin samar da ƙarfe da aluminum, wanda zai iya ba su damar yin samfuran da suka fi Tarayyar Turai tsafta. An yi a China.
"Rashin daidaiton muhalli na China na daga cikin dalilan rage farashi, amma kuma babban abin da ke haifar da sauyin yanayi," in ji Ms. Raimundo.
Bayan da gwamnatin Trump ta yanke hukuncin cewa karafa na ƙasashen waje barazana ce ga tsaron ƙasa, ta sanya haraji kan ƙasashe da dama, ciki har da ƙasashen EU.
Mista Biden ya yi alƙawarin yin aiki kafada da kafada da Turai. Ya bayyana Turai a matsayin abokiyar hulɗa wajen magance sauyin yanayi da kuma yin gogayya da tattalin arzikin kama-karya kamar China. Amma ya fuskanci matsin lamba daga masana'antun ƙarfe na Amurka da ƙungiyoyin kwadago don roƙonsa kada ya cire shingayen ciniki gaba ɗaya, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kare masana'antun cikin gida daga yawan ƙarfe na ƙasashen waje masu arha.
Wannan ciniki ya zama mataki na ƙarshe na gwamnatin Biden don ɗage yaƙin cinikayya na ƙasashen waje na Trump. A watan Yuni, jami'an Amurka da na Turai sun sanar da kawo ƙarshen takaddamar shekaru 17 kan tallafin kuɗi tsakanin Airbus da Boeing. A ƙarshen watan Satumba, Amurka da Turai sun sanar da kafa sabuwar haɗin gwiwa ta kasuwanci da fasaha kuma sun cimma yarjejeniya kan mafi ƙarancin haraji a duniya a farkon wannan watan.
A cewar mutanen da suka san wannan batu, a ƙarƙashin sabbin sharuɗɗan, za a ba wa EU damar fitar da tan miliyan 3.3 na ƙarfe zuwa Amurka ba tare da haraji ba kowace shekara, kuma duk wani adadin da ya wuce wannan adadin zai fuskanci harajin kashi 25%. Kayayyakin da aka keɓe daga harajin a wannan shekarar suma za a keɓe su na ɗan lokaci.
Yarjejeniyar za ta kuma takaita kayayyakin da ake kammalawa a Turai amma ake amfani da su daga China, Rasha, Koriya ta Kudu da sauran ƙasashe. Domin a sami damar yin magani ba tare da haraji ba, dole ne a ƙera kayayyakin ƙarfe gaba ɗaya a Tarayyar Turai.
Jack Sullivan, mai ba shugaban kasa shawara kan harkokin tsaro, ya ce yarjejeniyar ta kawar da "daya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da suka karfafa dangantakar Amurka da EU."
Kungiyoyin kwadagon karafa a Amurka sun yaba da yarjejeniyar, suna masu cewa yarjejeniyar za ta takaita fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Turai zuwa matsakaicin matsayi a tarihi. Amurka ta shigo da tan miliyan 4.8 na karafa na Turai a shekarar 2018, wanda ya ragu zuwa tan miliyan 3.9 a shekarar 2019 da kuma tan miliyan 2.5 a shekarar 2020.
A cikin wata sanarwa, Thomas M. Conway, Shugaban Kamfanin United Steelworkers International, ya bayyana cewa shirin zai "tabbatar da cewa masana'antun cikin gida a Amurka sun ci gaba da yin gogayya kuma za su iya biyan bukatunmu na tsaro da kayayyakin more rayuwa."
Mark Duffy, babban jami'in gudanarwa na American Primary Aluminum Association, ya bayyana cewa cinikin zai "ci gaba da ingancin harajin Mr. Trump" kuma "a lokaci guda zai ba mu damar tallafawa ci gaba da saka hannun jari a masana'antar aluminum ta Amurka da kuma samar da ƙarin ayyukan yi a Alcoa."
Ya ce shirin zai tallafawa masana'antar aluminum ta Amurka ta hanyar takaita shigo da kayayyaki ba tare da haraji ba zuwa matsakaicin matakin tarihi.
Har yanzu wasu ƙasashe suna buƙatar biyan harajin Amurka ko ƙa'idodi, ciki har da Burtaniya, Japan, da Koriya ta Kudu. Ƙungiyar Kasuwanci ta Amurka, wacce ke adawa da harajin ƙarfe, ta ce yarjejeniyar ba ta isa ba.
Myron Brilliant, mataimakin shugaban zartarwa na Majalisar Kasuwanci ta Amurka, ya ce yarjejeniyar za ta "samar da ɗan sauƙi ga masana'antun Amurka da ke fama da hauhawar farashin ƙarfe da ƙarancin ƙarfe, amma ana buƙatar ƙarin mataki."
"Ya kamata Amurka ta yi watsi da zarge-zargen da ba su da tushe cewa karafa da aka shigo da su daga Birtaniya, Japan, Koriya ta Kudu da sauran kawayenta na barazana ga tsaron kasarmu - kuma ta rage haraji da ka'idoji a lokaci guda," in ji shi.