Kanthal AF gami 837 resistohm alchrome Y fecral gami

Kanthal AF wani ƙarfe ne mai kama da ferritic iron-chromium-aluminum alloy (FeCrAl alloy) wanda ake amfani da shi a yanayin zafi har zuwa 1300°C (2370°F). An siffanta ƙarfen da kyakkyawan juriya ga iskar shaka da kuma kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na siffa wanda ke haifar da tsawon rai na abubuwa.

Ana amfani da Kan-thal AF a cikin abubuwan dumama wutar lantarki a cikin tanderun masana'antu da kayan aikin gida.

Misalan aikace-aikacen da ake yi a masana'antar kayan aiki sune a cikin abubuwan mica masu buɗewa don injinan gasa burodi, na'urorin busar da gashi, abubuwan da ke siffar meander don na'urorin dumama fanka da kuma a matsayin abubuwan da ke buɗewa akan kayan rufe fiber a cikin na'urorin dumama gilashin yumbu a cikin jeri, a cikin na'urorin dumama yumbu don faranti mai tafasa, na'urori akan zare na yumbu da aka ƙera don faranti na girki tare da hobs na yumbu, a cikin abubuwan na'urorin dumama fanka, a cikin abubuwan da ke da madaidaiciyar waya don na'urorin dumama radiators, na'urorin dumama convection, a cikin abubuwan porcupine don bindigogin iska mai zafi, na'urorin bushewa, na'urorin busar da wuta.

Takaitaccen Bayani A cikin wannan binciken, an bayyana tsarin tsatsa na kayan haɗin FeCrAl na kasuwanci (Kanthal AF) yayin annashuwa a cikin iskar nitrogen (4.6) a 900 °C da 1200 °C. An yi gwaje-gwajen isothermal da thermo-cyclic tare da lokutan fallasa daban-daban, ƙimar dumama, da yanayin zafi na annealing. An gudanar da gwajin oxidation a cikin iska da iskar nitrogen ta hanyar nazarin thermogravimetric. Tsarin microstructure yana da alaƙa da scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), da kuma focused ion beam (FIB-EDX). Sakamakon ya nuna cewa ci gaban tsatsa yana faruwa ta hanyar ƙirƙirar yankunan nitridation na ƙarƙashin ƙasa, waɗanda suka ƙunshi barbashi na lokaci na AlN, wanda ke rage aikin aluminum kuma yana haifar da embrittlement da spllation. Tsarin samuwar Al-nitride da girman sikelin Al-oxide ya dogara ne akan zafin annealing da ƙimar dumama. An gano cewa nitride na FeCrAl gami tsari ne mai sauri fiye da oxidation yayin annealing a cikin iskar nitrogen mai ƙarancin iskar oxygen kuma yana wakiltar babban dalilin lalacewar ƙarfe.

Gabatarwa Alloys ɗin da ke tushen FeCrAl (Kanthal AF ®) sanannu ne saboda ƙarfin juriyar iskar shaka a yanayin zafi mai yawa. Wannan kyakkyawan siffa yana da alaƙa da ƙirƙirar ma'aunin alumina mai ƙarfi a saman, wanda ke kare kayan daga ƙarin iskar shaka [1]. Duk da kyawawan halayen juriyar tsatsa, tsawon rayuwar abubuwan da aka ƙera daga ƙarfe masu tushen FeCrAl za a iya iyakance su idan sassan suna yawan fuskantar zagayowar zafi a yanayin zafi mai girma [2]. Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan wannan shine cewa ana cinye sinadarin samar da sikelin, aluminum, a cikin matrix ɗin ƙarfe a yankin ƙasa saboda fashewar thermo-shock da sake fasalin sikelin alumina. Idan sauran abubuwan aluminum sun ragu a ƙarƙashin mahimmancin taro, ƙarfe ba zai iya sake gyara sikelin kariya ba, wanda ke haifar da mummunan iskar shaka ta hanyar samar da oxides masu tushen ƙarfe da chromium masu girma cikin sauri [3,4]. Dangane da yanayin da ke kewaye da kuma ikon iskar shaka na oxides na saman wannan na iya sauƙaƙe ƙarin iskar shaka ko nitridation na ciki da kuma samuwar matakan da ba a so a yankin ƙasa [5]. Han da Young sun nuna cewa a cikin sikelin alumina wanda ke samar da Ni Cr Al gami, wani tsari mai rikitarwa na iskar shaka da nitride na ciki yana tasowa [6,7] yayin zagayowar zafi a yanayin zafi mai yawa a cikin sararin samaniya, musamman a cikin gami waɗanda ke ɗauke da ƙarfin nitride kamar Al da Ti [4]. An san cewa sikelin chromium oxide yana iya shiga nitrogen, kuma Cr2 N yana samuwa ko dai a matsayin ƙaramin Layer ko kuma a matsayin abin da ya haifar da iskar shaka na ciki [8,9]. Ana iya tsammanin wannan tasirin zai fi tsanani a ƙarƙashin yanayin zagayowar zafi wanda ke haifar da fashewar sikelin oxide da rage ingancinsa a matsayin shinge ga nitrogen [6]. Saboda haka, halayen tsatsa suna ƙarƙashin gasa tsakanin iskar shaka, wanda ke haifar da samuwar alumina/gyara, da shigar nitrogen wanda ke haifar da nitride na ciki na matrix ɗin gami ta hanyar samar da matakin AlN [6,10], wanda ke haifar da faɗaɗa wannan yanki saboda faɗaɗa yanayin zafi na matakin AlN idan aka kwatanta da matrix ɗin gami [9]. Lokacin da ake fallasa gaurayen FeCrAl ga yanayin zafi mai yawa a cikin yanayi tare da iskar oxygen ko wasu masu ba da iskar oxygen kamar H2O ko CO2, iskar oxygen shine amsawar da ta mamaye, kuma siffofin sikelin alumina, wanda ba zai iya shiga cikin iskar oxygen ko nitrogen a yanayin zafi mai yawa ba kuma yana ba da kariya daga kutsewar su cikin matrix ɗin haɗin gwiwa. Amma, idan aka fallasa su ga yanayin ragewa (N2+H2), da fashewar sikelin alumina mai kariya, iskar oxygen mai karyewa ta gida yana farawa ta hanyar samar da oxides na Cr da Ferich marasa kariya, waɗanda ke ba da hanya mai kyau don yaɗuwar nitrogen cikin matrix ferritic da samuwar AlN phase [9]. Ana amfani da yanayin nitrogen mai kariya (4.6) akai-akai a cikin aikace-aikacen masana'antu na gaurayen FeCrAl. Misali, masu dumama juriya a cikin tanderun maganin zafi tare da yanayin nitrogen mai kariya misali ne na yawan amfani da gaurayen FeCrAl a cikin irin wannan yanayi. Marubutan sun ba da rahoton cewa ƙimar iskar oxygen na gaurayen FeCrAlY yana da jinkiri sosai lokacin da ake zubar da iskar oxygen a cikin yanayi tare da ƙarancin matsin lamba na ɓangaren oxygen [11]. Manufar binciken ita ce a tantance ko a yi amfani da iskar gas mai dauke da sinadarin nitrogen (99.996%) (matakin kazanta na Messer® O2 + H2O < 10 ppm) wajen rage tsatsa na FeCrAl alloy (Kanthal AF) da kuma yadda ya dogara da zafin a yi amfani da shi, bambancinsa (zagayewar zafi), da kuma yawan dumamawa.